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- $Unique_ID{BRK04203}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome}
- $Subject{Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome Acrocephalosyndactyly Type III Chotzen
- Syndrome }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1987, 1990, 1992 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 330:
- Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome)
- is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Acrocephalosyndactyly Type III
- Chotzen Syndrome
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Saethre-Chotzen syndrome is a hereditary disorder involving various
- craniofacial and skeletal malformations with abnormalities of the skin on the
- toes and fingers. Short stature and, in some cases, mild to moderate mental
- retardation may also occur.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Saethre-Chotzen syndrome is characterized by a small head (microcephaly),
- skull asymmetry, mildly fused or webbed fingers and/or toes (syndactyly), and
- facial abnormalities. These facial abnormalities may include:
-
- 1. skull bony fusion (craniosynostosis)
- 2. low-set frontal hairline
- 3. a beaked nose without the dividing septum
- 4. drooping (ptosis) of the eyelids
- 5. improper eye movement (strabismus)
- 6. tear duct shrinkage (stenosis)
-
- Shortness of fingers and/or toes (brachydactyly) and abnormal skin
- patterns (dermatoglyphics) on the hands and feet may also be present. Facial
- manifestations usually improve somewhat with time.
-
- Some respiratory, heart, and/or kidney problems can also develop in
- people with this disorder.
-
- Causes
-
- Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome is believed to be inherited as an autosomal dominant
- trait, although the specific defective gene has not yet been identified.
- (Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the
- interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the father and
- one from the mother. In dominant disorders, a single copy of the disease
- gene (received from either the mother or father) will be expressed
- "dominating" the normal gene and resulting in appearance of the disease. The
- risk of transmitting the disorder from affected parent to offspring is 50%
- for each pregnancy regardless of the sex of the resulting child.)
-
- Affected Population
-
- Saethre-Chotzen syndrome is present at birth. Both sexes can be affected and
- the disorder is found worldwide.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Apert Syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by
- fused or webbed fingers and toes (syndactyly), a pointed head (acrocephaly or
- oxycephaly), other skeletal and facial abnormalities, and mental retardation.
- This disorder varies from Saethre-Chotzen because it has a narrower range of
- physical manifestations. For more information on Apert Syndrome, choose
- "Apert" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment for Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome is symptomatic and supportive.
- Patients should be monitored carefully for respiratory or heart problems, and
- infection should be guarded against. Family members of patients can have
- less encompassing milder forms of the disorder, and might benefit from a
- medical evaluation. Genetic counseling may be useful to families of
- patients.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Research into causes and treatment of many genetic/birth defects is ongoing.
- For more information, please contact the agencies listed in the resources
- section of this entry.
-
- Researchers at Johns Hopkins Hospital are trying to determine the genes
- responsible for craniofacial disorders. Physicians may contact Drs. Amy
- Feldman Lewanda or Ethylin Wang Jabs at: CMSC 10, Johns Hopkins Hospital,
- Baltimore, MD, 21205, (301) 955-0484.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- January 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Saethre-Chotzen syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Craniofacial Foundation
- 3100 Carlisle Street, Suite 215
- Dallas, TX 75204
- 1-800-535-3643
-
- FACES
- National Association for the Craniofacially Handicapped
- P.O. Box 11082
- Chattanooga, TN 37401
- (615) 266-1632
-
- Society for the Rehabilitation of the Facially Disfigured, Inc.
- 550 First Ave.
- New York, NY 10016
- (212) 340-5400
-
- NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5133
-
- About Face
- 99 Crowns Lane
- Toronto, Ontario M6R 3PA
- Canada
- (416) 944-3223
-
- Let's Face It
- Box 711
- Concord, MA 01742
- (508) 371-3186
-
- For more information on genetics and genetic counseling referrals,
- please contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Ave.
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- DERMATOGLYPHICS IN SAETHRE-CHOTZEN SYNDROME: A FAMILY STUDY: L. Borbolla,
- et. al.; Acta Paediatr Acad Sci Hung (1983 issue 24(3)). Pp. 269-279.
-
- THE SAETHRE-CHOTZEN SYNDROME: O.A. Pantke, et. al.; Birth Defects (1975,
- issue 11(2)). Pp. 190-225.
-
-